Engineering is the discipline and profession that applies scientific theories, mathematical methods, and empirical evidence to design, create, and analyze technological solutions cognizant of safety, human factors, physical laws, regulations, practicality, and cost. In the contemporary era, it is generally considered to consist of the major basic branches of chemical engineering, civil engineering, electrical engineering and mechanical engineering. There are numerous other engineering subdisciplines and interdisciplinary subjects that are derived from concentrations, combinations, or extensions of the major engineering branches.
Chemical engineering
Chemical engineering is the application of chemical, physical, and biological sciences to the process of converting raw materials or chemicals into more useful or valuable forms.
Civil engineering
Civil engineering comprises the design, construction, and maintenance of the physical and natural built environments.
Electrical engineering
Electrical engineering comprises the study and application of electricity, electronics, and electromagnetism.
Mechanical engineering
Mechanical engineering comprises the design and analysis of heat and mechanical power for the operation of machines and mechanical systems.
Software engineering
Software engineering is the study and an application of engineering to the design, development, implementation and maintenance of software in a systematic method.
Systems engineering
Systems engineering is an interdisciplinary field of engineering that focuses on how to design and manage complex engineering projects over their life cycles. Issues, such as reliability, logistics, and coordination of different teams, evaluation measurement, and other disciplines become more difficult when dealing with large or complex projects. Systems engineering deals with work-processes, optimization methods, and risk management tools. It overlaps technical and human-centered disciplines such as control engineering, industrial engineering, organizational studies, and project management. Systems engineering ensures that all likely aspects of a project or system are considered, and integrated into a whole.
Interdisciplinary
See also
- Outline of engineering
- Railway systems engineering